Metalloobrabotka № 5-6 (131-132)/2022

MATERIAL CUTTING

Mirgorodskiy, S. I. Mirgorodskiy, B. V. Syrnev «Features of mechanical processing of beryllium»

The paper presents the results of experimental and analytical studies of the influence of tool characteristics, turning modes on the formation and parameters of the “defectiveness” of the surface layer of sintered beryllium products. Research shows that the temperature in the cutting zone during the machining of beryllium depends on the cutting conditions and the degree of wear of the cutter and has a decisive influence on crack formation, the level and sign of residual stresses in the surface layer of the work piece. Critical values of cutter wear indicators are established. The level of residual stresses in the surface layer of a part machined on a lathe is calculated, which can vary from –200 to +200 MPa depending on the temperature in the cutting zone.

Keywords: machining, cutting conditions, crack formation, residual microstresses, cutter wear, temperature.

Yu. I. Kizhnyaev, B. A. Nemtsev «Information and methodological support for the design of deep drilling operations of holes of small diameters»

The technique of designing operations for deep drilling of holes of small diameters with internal chip removal using BSTU tools is considered. The dependencies for calculating the main parameters and indicators of the drilling process are given. The results of applying the developed operations in the manufacture of a batch of parts confirmed the adequacy of the calculated and experimental data.

Keywords: deep hole, holes with diameter of 8–15 mm, BTA technology, design of deep drilling operations.

Yu. I. Kizhnyaev, B. A. Nemtsev «Changeable modular oil receiver for coolant supply during deep drilling of small diameter holes»

The prefabricated three-module design of the oil receiver, which can be adjusted accord-ing to the drilling diameter for two application ranges: 8–16 mm and 17–30 mm, is considered. Designed for high-speed drilling of holes in parts-shafts of increased length. The design is made up of elements that have been repeatedly tested in our oil receivers, including for drilling holes of small diameters.

Keywords: deep hole, external coolant supply, oil receiver designs, holes with diameter of 8–30 mm.

NEW MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

1. G. Bury, I. K. Poteryaev «Features of preparation of microsides for etching»

The article discusses the relevance of the performance and accuracy of the procedure for preparing microsections for etching. The stages of bringing the surface to a mirror polished state are given. The features of each operation with the optimal duration are considered. The features of cutting an alloy sample for further research are described. The features of the choice of the investigated surface depending on the method of production of the product are given. The features of the process of grinding the surface under study are considered. The process of rough and fine polishing of ferrous and non-ferrous alloys is described. Materials and devices for grinding and polishing are considered, as well as the features of their impact on the surface under study and their marking.

Keywords: microsection, grinding, polishing, microanalysis of alloys, metalworking.

V. Maksarov, A. O. Minin, P. I. Romanov, I. P. Nikiforov «Influence of high-frequency wave action in a tooling system on the machining quality of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys»

The paper analyzes the method of boring of holes in products made of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys and analyzes the phenomenon of damping of high-frequency mechanical vibrations by experimental modeling of high-frequency waves propagation in a solid body, using concentrators of different shapes. The goals of this study are: determination of concentrator shape for implementation of hole boring method in items made of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys, in case of which the lowest damping percentage of mechanical vibrations will be achieved; comparative analysis of hole boring method in items made of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys and the method of high-frequency exposure in the feed direction. In the process of work conclusions were made that in the case of using a concentrator of conical shape, the least damping effect of high-frequency mechanical vibrations in the cutting zone is observed.

Keywords: high-frequency wave action, aluminum alloys, swelling, hole boring.

V. Maksarov, A. I. Keksin, R. A. Sheglova, I. A. Brigadnov, I. P. Nikiforov «Influence of the pole tips inclination angle during magnetic abrasive polishing on the quality of the drilling rod locking joint threaded surface»

The article considers the problems that arise during the formation of threaded surface microgeometry at the final stages of manufacturing parts. Preventing the breakage of the drill pipe column is a hardened thread that increases the fatigue strength of the drill lock. A method of magnetic abrasive finishing of external and internal threaded surfaces of the drilling rod lock joint is proposed. Recommendations on the choice of the angles of pole tips inclination and the relative movement of the workpiece and the pole tips are given. The method allows for defect-free and uniform processing of the external and internal lock joint threaded surfaces.

Keywords: magnetic-abrasive polishing, threaded surface, locking joint.

DESIGN OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

Ivanova L. N., Ivanov S. E. «Mathematical models of the dynamics of manipulation robots in the design of technological systems»

An applied problem of constructing a mathematical model of the dynamics of an industrial manipulation robot QUANTEC in the design of technological systems is considered. To build a mathematical model of the dynamics of a manipulation robot, a matrix method and Lagrange equations of the second kind were used. The method uses transition matrices from one local coordinate system of a robot link to another local coordinate system of a subsequent robot link. The presented method can be applied in the design of technological systems for a wide class of manipulation robots operating on production lines.

Keywords: manipulation work, robot dynamics, mathematical model, matrix method.

S. Bazhanov, S. F. Bogdanova, N. A. Borisova, D. V. Bulavin, V. S. Golubev, A. A. Zaytsev, E. V. Ivanov, D. V. Kiushkin, A. N. Kukushkin, K. O. Makhov, R. V. Nechajkin «Processing parameters calculation automation using the functional component „Processing scripts“ of the program module „CNC control program development system“»

The object of this work is the software module „CNC program development system“, which is an integral part of the shelter software complex „Complete product life cycle system „Digital Enterprise“. The software module is designed to automate the process of developing control programs for process equipment with numerical control. The report provides a description of the solution aimed at automating the calculation of the parameters of the elements of the technological system when designing the processing of a part. Such a solution is a functional component of the CAM software module — „Processing Scripts“, which allows automating the calculation and setting parameters when designing various types of turning and milling operations. The developed functional component "Processing scripts" is an integral part of the functional complex that implements the concept of in-depth automation of the processes of developing control programs, based on the methodology of design and technological elements.

Keywords: CAM, CNC, Digital Enterprise, NC-program, Product Lifecycle, Product Lifecycle Management (PLM).

QUALITY CONTROL AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY

V. Vasilkov, E. B. Korotkov, K. N. Shcheglov, O. A. Rubtsov, A. N. Kuritsyn «Remote monitoring and diagnostics of autonomous technological facilities»

The article notes that recently there has been a tendency at large enterprises to identify failures of metalworking equipment based on the use of various monitoring systems in order to obtain timely reliable information about its technical condition. The functional state of the nodes of technological machines is diagnosed by a set of characteristics obtained as a result of vibration, thermal and electrical diagnostics. The composition of diagnostic signs and monitoring modes of nodes and parts of technological equipment during vibration, electrical and thermal diagnostics is determined. A rational combination of online monitoring modes and periodic functional diagnostics can significantly reduce the failures of technological equipment associated with the failure of their individual nodes, as well as regulate the necessary repair actions, proactive emergencies. The issues of monitoring and diagnostics of unmanned vessels moving along the Northern Sea route independently or following an icebreaker are considered separately. A conceptual solution for their remote monitoring and diagnostics is proposed. The complete technical appearance of the system for remote diagnostics of the state of marine engines and other equipment, including autonomous, has been obtained. The importance of the results obtained lies in the fact that the results of the development of similar technical diagnostics systems for unmanned vessels have not been found based on the results of the analysis of open publications.

Keywords: remote monitoring, diagnostics, autonomous technological facility, unmanned vessel, technical appearance, remote diagnostics system.

1. M. Konovalov, V. I. Kugushev «Simulation of crack effect on spectrum of natural oscillations during monitoring of strength of large structures»

This document contains monitoring results of structural strength of bearing beams of two large structures. To conduct the monitoring, beam natural oscillations were excited and their spectrum changes in case of possible defects were analysed. Simulators in the form of small-size plates pressed to the beams were used as possible defects (cracks). The specific feature of such a simulation is that the plate, pressed to the beam in an antinodal point of some mode of natural oscillations and damping it, also damps it in all the other antinodal points. The oscillations were excited and received by special transducers with mechanical filters at their inputs. This enables significant reduction of the spectrum of natural oscillations, reducing it to two or several dominant modes. It is shown that during the flaw detection with such a reduced spectrum, two processes take place - damping of natural oscillations and energy redistribution between their modes, which should be taken into account during the monitoring in automated mode.

Keywords: large structures, bearing beams, natural oscillations, monitoring, spectrograms.